Palliative Care

The goal of hospice is to keep the ill person comfortable.  There is no reason for anyone to die in pain.

There are no attempts to cure any illness.  Hospice services are available when no curative path is available or no curative path is chosen.

For example, a patient with advanced pancreatic cancer may choose hospice.  All attempts are made to provide medicine and care to eliminate pain.  No chemotherapy or radiation would be provided.

Stay at Home

Often, it’s a goal to keep an ill loved one at home as long as possible; so, hospice provides care at home.

If more support is required, many hospices have facilities where the ill person can stay 24/7, receive palliative care, and family can visit and receive support services such as counseling and social work support.

Examples of Care Provided

Hospice provides nurse evaluation and visits; pain control; wound care; caretakers to provide assistance with bathing, dressing, toileting, and shaving; and social worker sessions.

If you are ill and the doctor has provided a prognosis of one year or less, either the doctor or you can call a hospice for an evaluation to determine what services are appropriate for you and your family.  Most families who use hospice services rave about their experience.

If you have any questions about hospice or other elder care support services consult with a qualified estate planning attorney.

What is a “Representative Payee”? 

A Representative Payee is an individual or entity, which can communicate with the Social Security Administration and receive your monthly payments on your behalf.  Your payments must be used for the individual entitled to payment, and not for the benefit of the Representative Payee.

When a “Representative Payee” Needed?

While you are well, you remain in control.  If you become incapacitated, a qualified estate planning attorney can guide your loved ones through the process of becoming a Representative Payee.

Keep Good Records

The Representative Payee must keep records of all expenditures and file a report annually.

Do I Still Need a Power of Attorney?

Absolutely, YES!  You need a financial power of attorney (i.e. general durable power of attorney and a health care power of attorney.)  Powers of attorney are a must for avoiding conservatorship and court interference.  They save you money and save your family time, stress, and a great burden.  Update your power of attorneys every three to five years at a minimum.

Where to Get Help?

If you need help with the Social Security Administration, becoming a Representative Payee, or getting financial and health care powers of attorney, consult with a qualified estate planning attorney.

Two Types of Powers of Attorney

Although there are specific powers of attorney for many situations (i.e. real estate closing or a business transaction), there are two main types of powers of attorney.

They are the financial power of attorney and the health care power of attorney.

Financial Power of Attorney

The financial power of attorney is also known as a “general durable power of attorney.”  It is usually effective immediately and authorizes a trusted loved one or corporate entity to pay bills, file taxes, manage assets, and deal with financial institutions.

Health Care Power of Attorney

A health care power of attorney is effective only if you cannot provide informed consent for medical care.  If needed, a loved one will step into your shoes and make health care decisions on your behalf.

Examples of decisions your health care agent would make are which treatment you receive, hiring and firing medical staff, and deciding whether you get a specific operation, or not.

Updating Your Power of Attorney

It’s definitely in your best interest to update your financial and health care powers of attorney.  Consult with a qualified estate planning attorney to do so.

End-Stage Medical Condition

If you are in a persistent vegetative state or irreversible coma, you’re in an end-stage medical condition and that’s when your living will is effective.

Ensure Your Living Will is Available

Be sure your living will is available when needed.  Let your loved ones know that you have a living will and where you keep it (and your other important documents.)  Consider a virtual service such as Docubank that makes sure your living will (and other documents) are always available when you need them 24/7/365.  www.docubank.com.

Relieve a Burden and Staying in Control

When you have a living will, you are making a medical decision in advance.  That’s why it’s called an advanced “medical directive.“  This keeps you in control as you are the one to make this health care decision.

In addition, having a living will greatly relieves the burden on your loved ones’ shoulders.  They don’t have to make the decision to have life support removed or not started in the first place.

Avoid Family Disputes

Having a living will also may avoid family disputes if your loved ones have different views.  For example, Terri Schiavo’s parents conflicted with her husband; thus, she was kept alive for 15 years, while totally brain dead.  While Terri had told her husband she didn’t want to be kept alive, she never put it in writing.

Your wishes must be in writing and the treating doctor must have a copy.

If you have questions or concerns about the living will or any other health care estate planning documents, consult with a qualified estate planning attorney.

Testamentary Capacity

A qualified estate planning attorney can determine whether your loved one still has legal competence.  If so, estate planning documents can be put into place so that your loved one’s wishes are carried out and your burden is reduced.

Checklist

A qualified estate planning attorney can provide a checklist of things you need to do and things to think about.  This way you won’t overlook anything.

Legal Advice

A qualified estate planning attorney can help you and your loved ones make important decisions.  Be sure not to take the advice of well-meaning neighbors, bank tellers, or loved ones.  Get good legal advice before making decisions.

Referrals

A qualified estate planning attorney can refer you to other professionals such as geriatric care managers, realtors, financial advisors, appraisers, insurance professionals, home care specialists, hospice care suppliers, etc.

Although it’s always in your loved one’s benefit to take care of these matters before serious illness strikes, it may not be too late.  Consult with a qualified estate planning attorney right away.

It’s a split interest trust, which simply means that you or your family has an interest and your favorite charity has an interest.  Below, we highlight 5 charitable lead trust benefits for you and your family.

1. You receive an income tax deduction for the present interest of the income stream that goes to the charity.
2. Assets in the trust can be sold without you paying capital gains taxes.
3. You get to benefit the charity of your choice; this can be a public charity such as your library or animal shelter or it can be your own private charity such as a family foundation.  You can get credit for your gift from the charity during your lifetime, even if the income stream to the charity doesn’t begin until your death.
4. Your family gets a lump sum at the end of the trust’s term.  This lump sum is outside your estate for federal estate tax purposes.
5. The lump sum assets can go to your family in an asset protected trust so that they’re protected from bankruptcy, lawsuits, and divorcing spouses.

Ask a qualified estate planning attorney if a charitable lead trust and its benefits may be a good fit in your estate plan.

It is thought that insurance companies are using the Social Security database to cut off annuity payments, but NOT to determine whether death benefits should be paid.

How to Find Unclaimed Life Insurance Policies

• Comb through all paperwork to locate policies, billings, or dividend statements
• Review checkbook registers, cancelled checks, and online bank accounts to see if any premiums have been paid
• Check the mail carefully for one full year after the death of your loved one to discover premium billings, dividend statements, or messages from life insurance agents or companies
• Look through address books for the contact information for insurance agents
• Review contents of fire boxes, fire safes, and safe deposit boxes
• Contact previous places of employment
• Contact insurers directly.  For example, MetLife’s “Policy Finder” website is at www.metlife.com/policyfinder and Prudential Financial Inc. has a toll free number, 1-800-778-2255.
• Contact your state’s insurance regulator.
• Use www.policylocator.com ($75 fee)

When contacting life insurance agencies or organizations, have as much information on your loved one as possible, including the full name, maiden name, address, date of birth, date of death, and Social Security number.

In addition, avoid having the life insurance on your life lost to the $1 billion unclaimed life insurance pile.  Instead, keep your life insurance policies with your estate planning documents and other important papers.  Let your loved ones know where you keep this information.

Annual Gift Tax Exclusion

Each calendar year, you (and everyone else) can give away up to $13,000 to as many people as you would like.  You can write one check on January 1^st (or any other day of the year) or give several gifts throughout the year.

Your gifts fall under the annual exclusion, so long as they don’t exceed $13,000 to any one individual.

In addition, the annual exclusion is doubled, if you’re married.  You and your spouse can, together, give up to $26,000 to as many people as you would like.

Lifetime Gift Tax Exemption

In addition to the annual gift tax exclusion, you also have a lifetime gift tax exemption.  This means, during your lifetime, you can give away assets which are equal or less than the lifetime gift tax exemption.

In 2012, that lifetime gift tax exemption is $5 million; however, the law changes.  In 2012, the lifetime gift tax exemption is set to reduce to $1 million.  If you have significant wealth that you’d like to pass to loved ones, now is the time to do it.

Like the annual exclusion, the gift tax exemption is doubled for married couples.  In 2012, a married couple can give away up to $10 million; in 2013, $2 million.

If you are interested in gifting, consult with a qualified estate planning attorney so you can take advantage of the annual gift tax exclusion and/or the lifetime gift tax exemption and avoid or minimize gift taxes.

Why Does My Estate Plan Need to be Reviewed for Updates?

Your estate plan needs to be professionally reviewed for potential required updates because everything changes.  Think back just over the last few years.  The law has changed and your personal life and finances, likely, have changed.

Your estate plan will only work if it reflects the current law as well as your current goals, personal and financial situation.

What Changes Necessitate a Change in My Estate Plan?

The passage of 3 to 5 years will naturally cause your estate plan to go stale.  Your documents may not be honored because they’re “old.”

Other changes that cause an estate plan to fail are a move to a new state, significant change in health, and the death or disability of an executor (or guardian, trustee, or power of attorney agent.)  Think about the changes that a divorce, new relationship, new child, or new business bring to your life.

It is likely in your best interest to have your estate plan professionally reviewed in 2012.  Get it on the calendar now so you can check “estate plan update” off your New Year’s resolution list.  Have a wonderful 2012!!

1.  Evaluate your life, finances, and estate plan.  Have things changed?  If so, your estate plan needs a professional review.  Your plan should be reviewed, if it’s been more than 3 to 5 years since updated or if you’ve had a big change in your personal life, finances, or health.

2.  Double check asset ownership and beneficiary designations.  How do you own your stuff?  Are your assets owned so that your estate plan will work?  For example, if you have a living trust, are your assets funded into your trust?  Have you updated beneficiary designations since you got divorced?

3.  Get organized.  Being organized will increase your peace of mind and it will significantly reduce the burden on loved ones’ shoulders, if they need to step into your shoes to assist you.  Gather your estate planning documents, financial papers, and other important certificates and documents.  Put them all in one drawer, a fire safe, or a shelf in your home office.

4.  Make a list of all accounts, usernames, passwords, and PINs.  Even off-line accounts sometimes have telephone PINs.  Keep the list updated throughout the New Year.

5.  Communicate.  Let your loved ones know that you have an estate plan; let them know where to find your estate planning documents and other important papers; provide contact information so they can reach your estate planning attorney for help; and, tell your loved ones that you do indeed love them.

If it’s time for a professional review of your estate plan, or if you have any questions, consult with an estate planning attorney.